------
                                    Apache Any23 - Data Extraction
                                    ------
                              The Apache Software Foundation
                                    ------
                                     2011-2012

~~  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
~~  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
~~  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
~~  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
~~  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
~~  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
~~
~~     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
~~
~~  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
~~  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
~~  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
~~  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
~~  limitations under the License.

Data Extraction

+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/*1*/ Apache Any23 runner = new Apache Any23();
/*2*/ runner.setHTTPUserAgent("test-user-agent");
/*3*/ HTTPClient httpClient = runner.getHTTPClient();
/*4*/ DocumentSource source = new HTTPDocumentSource(
         httpClient,
         "http://www.rentalinrome.com/semanticloft/semanticloft.htm"
      );
/*5*/ ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
/*6*/ TripleHandler handler = new NTriplesWriter(out);
      try {
/*7*/     runner.extract(source, handler);
      } finally {
/*8*/     handler.close();
      }
/*9*/ String n3 = out.toString("UTF-8");
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

   This example demonstrates the data extraction, that is the main purpose of <<Apache Any23>> library.
   At <<line 1>> we define the <<Apache Any23>> facade instance. As described before, the constructor allows to enforce
   the usage of specific extractors.

   The <<line 2>> defines the <HTTP User Agent>, used to identify the client during <HTTP> data collection.
   At <<line 3>> we use the runner to create an instance of {{{./xref/org/apache/any23/http/HTTPClient.html}HTTPClient}},
   used by {{{./xref/org/apache/any23/source/HTTPDocumentSource.html}HTTPDocumentSource}} for <HTTP> content fetching.

   The <<line 4>> instantiates an {{{./xref/org/apache/any23/source/HTTPDocumentSource.html}HTTPDocumentSource}} instance,
   specifying the {{{./xref/org/apache/any23/http/HTTPClient.html}HTTPClient}} and the URL addressing the content
   to be processed.

   At <<line 5>> we define a buffered output stream used to store data produced by the
   {{{./xref/org/apache/any23/writer/TripleHandler.html}TripleHandler}} defined at <<line 6>>.

   The extraction method at <<line 7>> will run the metadata extraction.
   The produced metadata will be written within the passed
   {{{./xref/org/apache/any23/writer/TripleHandler.html}TripleHandler}} instance.

   The {{{./xref/org/apache/any23/writer/TripleHandler.html}TripleHandler}} needs to be explicitly closed,
   this is done safely in a <<finally>> block at <<line 8>>.

   The expected output is <UTF-8> encoded at <<line 9>> and is:

+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<http://www.rentalinrome.com/semanticloft/semanticloft.htm> <http://purl.org/dc/terms/title>
"Semantic Loft (beta) - Trastevere apartments | Rental in Rome - rentalinrome.com" .

<http://www.rentalinrome.com/semanticloft/semanticloft.htm#semanticloft>
<http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type>
<http://purl.org/goodrelations/v1#Offering> .

<http://www.rentalinrome.com>
<http://purl.org/goodrelations/v1#offers>
<http://www.rentalinrome.com/semanticloft/semanticloft.htm#semanticloft> .

<http://www.rentalinrome.com/semanticloft/semanticloft.htm#semanticloft>
<http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#seeAlso>
<http://rentalinrome.com/semanticloft/semanticloft.htm> .

<http://www.rentalinrome.com/semanticloft/semanticloft.htm#semanticloft>
<http://purl.org/goodrelations/v1#hasBusinessFunction>
<http://purl.org/goodrelations/v1#ProvideService> .

<http://www.rentalinrome.com/semanticloft/semanticloft.htm#semanticloft>
<http://www.w3.org/2006/vcard/ns#adr>
_:node14r93a8dex1 .

[The complete output is omitted for brevity.]
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Filter Out Accidental Triples

   To remove accidental triples <<Apache Any23>> provides a set of useful filters, located
   within the <<org.apache.any23.filter>> package.

   The filter {{{./xref/org/apache/any23/filter/IgnoreTitlesOfEmptyDocuments.html}IgnoreTitlesOfEmptyDocuments}}
   removes triples generated by the {{{./xref/org/apache/any23/extractor/html/TitleExtractor.html}TitleExtractor}}
   whether the document is empty.

   The filter {{{./xref/org/apache/any23/filter/IgnoreAccidentalRDFa.html}IgnoreAccidentalRDFa}} removes accidental
   <<CSS>> related triples.

+------------------------------------
RDFWriter rdfWriter = ...
TripleHandler rdfWriterHandler = RDFWriterTripleHandler(rdfWriter);
TripleHandler tripleHandler = new ReportingTripleHandler(
        new IgnoreAccidentalRDFa(
                new IgnoreTitlesOfEmptyDocuments(rdfWriterHandler),
                true // if true the CSS triples will be removed in any case.
        )
);
DocumentSource documentSource = ...
any23.extract(documentSource, rdfWriterHandler);
+------------------------------------